Social Change and Innovation in the Labour Market or The Social Construction of Free Trade

Social Change and Innovation in the Labour Market: Evidence from the Census SARs on Occupational Segregation and Labour Mobility, Part-Time Work and Student Jobs, Homework and Self-Employment

Author: Catherine Hakim

This important study presents the results of the first analysis of labor market data from Britain's new SARs, drawing comparisons with research results for the USA and for Western European countries. The author fully examines several relevant phenomena, such as: a new and distinctive category of integrated occupations, employing men and women equally in highly qualified work; the diversification of part-time work; the emergence of a new category of marginal jobs; and the expansion of student jobs. This book also provides an excellent introductory guide for future SAR users.

Table of Contents:

	List of Figures
	List of Tables
	List of Cases
	Abbreviations
1	Introduction	1
2	Profiles of Integrated and Segregated Occupations	26
3	Occupational Segregation, Social Stratification, and the Pay Gap	66
4	Women with Discontinuous Employment Histories	86
5	A Differentiated Part-Time Workforce: Marginal Jobs, Half-Time Jobs, and Reduced Hours Jobs	102
6	Working Students: Students in Full-Time Education with Full-Time and Part-Time Jobs	145
7	Homework and Travel to Work Patterns	178
8	Small Firms and the Solo Self-Employed	200
9	The Drug Dealers: A Case Study of Pharmacy, an Integrated Occupation	221
10	Conclusions	235
Annex A	Labour Market Data in the 1991 Census 1% and 2% SARs	251
Annex B	1991 Census 10% Sample Data on Occupational Structure and Sex Ratios	266
Annex C	The International Standard Classification of Occupations (ISCO88): Occupational Sex Ratios and Part-Time Work Rates by Type of Occupation	284
	Bibliography	291
	Author Index	311
	Subject Index	316

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The Social Construction of Free Trade: The European Union, NAFTA, and Mercosur

Author: Francesco G Duina

This book offers a compelling new interpretation of the proliferation of regional trade agreements (RTAs) at the end of the twentieth century. Challenging the widespread assumption that RTAs should be seen as fundamentally similar economic initiatives to pursue free trade, Francesco Duina proposes that the world is reorganizing itself into regions that are highly distinctive and enduring. With evidence from Europe, North America, and South America, he challenges our understanding of globalization, the nature of markets, and the spread of neoliberalism.

The pursuit of free trade is a profoundly social process and, as such, a unique endeavor wherever it takes place. In an unprecedented comparative analysis, the book offers striking evidence of differences in the legal architectures erected to standardize the worldview of market participants and the reaction of key societal organizations--interest groups, businesses, and national administrations--to a broader marketplace. The author gives special attention to developments in three key areas of economic life: women in the workplace, the dairy industry, and labor rights. With its bold and original approach and its impressive range of data, The Social Construction of Free Trade represents a major advance in the growing fields of economic sociology and comparative regional integration.